“White” Ethiopians were Dark-Skinned

“White” Ethiopians were Dark-Skinned

Source: Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (Pliny the Elder) 77-79 A.D. From the source, " If we pass through the interior of Africa in a southerly direction, beyond the Gætuli, after having traversed the intervening deserts, we shall find, first of all the Liby- Egyptians1, and then the country where the Leucæthio- pians2 dwell. Beyond3 these are the Nigritæ4, nations of Æthiopia, so called from the river Nigris5, which has been previously mentioned, the Gymnetes6, surnamed Pharusii, and, on the very margin of the ocean, the Perorsi7, whom we have already spoken of as lying on the boundaries of Mauritania. After passing…
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First Depiction of Athena Could Be Taken as that of  an “African Black”

First Depiction of Athena Could Be Taken as that of an “African Black”

Source: Black Athena: The Linguistic evidence (Rutgers University Press) 1987 A.D. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 686 of the source. This source confirms that the epic variability that existed in the Greco-Roman world. Athena was the "goddess of war", so for her to be depicted as a black woman in the beginning shows just how much the Greeks admired and exoticized black people. However, both mythology and history attest to the fact that black women and/or women of African…
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Your Ancestors May have Looked Different than You

Your Ancestors May have Looked Different than You

Source: Your Family May Once Have Been A Different Color (NPR) 2006 A.D. From the source, " To begin, please point your elbow to the ceiling. Then imagine yourself naked. Then look at the patch of skin on the inside of your upper arm, the part of you that almost never sees the sun. Whatever color you see there is what experts call your basic skin color, according to professor Nina Jablonski, head of the Penn State Department of Anthropology. And that color, the one you have now, says Jablonski, is very probably not the color your ancient ancestors had…
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According To Ancient Historians Like Strabo and Roman Lucius Annaeus Florus, Cleopatra was Identified as an Egyptian

According To Ancient Historians Like Strabo and Roman Lucius Annaeus Florus, Cleopatra was Identified as an Egyptian

Source: Cleopatra and Egypt (Wiley-Blackwell) 2008 A.D. Note: Page 1 to 2 of the source. Note: Page 7 of the source. Note: Page 7 of the source. Note: Page 8 of the source. Note: Page 8 of the source. This source adds vital context to the subject regarding Cleopatra's ethnicity. First, it establishes that some ancient scholars classified her as being an Egyptian, not as a Greek so that immediately sets the tone for how she was viewed culturally. The rest of the source provides evidence that there were black Egyptians and Egyptians were often viewed as being black in…
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The Greeks and Romans Described Egyptians as Having Darker Skin than Other Mediterranean Groups

The Greeks and Romans Described Egyptians as Having Darker Skin than Other Mediterranean Groups

Source: Domesticating Empire: Egyptian Landscapes in Pompeian Gardens (Oxford University Press) 2019 A.D. Note: Page 55 of the source. This source confirms yet again that ancient Egyptians were typically considered to be a dark-skinned population in the minds of Greco-Roman individuals.
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Greeks and Romans Did Not Make a Clear Distinction Between Egyptians and Ethiopians

Greeks and Romans Did Not Make a Clear Distinction Between Egyptians and Ethiopians

Source: Black Athena Writes Back Martin Bernal Responds to His Critics (Duke University Press) 2001 A.D. Note: Page 66 of the source. Note: Page 66 of the source. I believe this source is crucial for understanding how the brilliant Professor Frank M. Snowden had a hard time considering ancient Egypt, at its core, to be a black civilization. Professor Frank M. Snowden at times contradicted himself because he did acknowledge the blackness of ancient Egyptians at times but other times he neglected to do do. This source provides commentary that Professor Frank M. Snowden was being way to limited, most…
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Ta Seti in Nubia is Older Than Egypt

Ta Seti in Nubia is Older Than Egypt

Source: The Meaning of KMT (Ancient Egyptian) History for Contemporary African American Experience (Clark Atlanta University) 1992 A.D. Note: Page 13 of The Meaning of KMT source. Note: Page 18 of the source. Note: Page 18 of the source. I don't agree with point 6 made in on page 13 of this source, but I do agree with the points made regarding: Ta-Seti being older than Egypt and Egypt is culturally unified to the rest of the African continent. The facts that Dr. Hillard brings up regarding ancient Africa and Greece bring a simple yet profound perspective that brings the…
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Egyptians and Ethiopians were Associated as Being Black or Having Woolly Hair

Egyptians and Ethiopians were Associated as Being Black or Having Woolly Hair

Source: Ancient Greeks West and East: Edited (BRILL) 1999 A.D. Note: Page 51 of the source. Note: Page 52 of the source. Note: Page 60 of the source. Note: Page 71 of the source. This source confirms that both Egyptians and Ethiopians in Greco-Roman thought were black people who existed on a "dark colorization". This source has ancient remarks that reaffirm the notion that some thought blacks were amazing, had no problem with them, and that everyone was equal. This notion also reaffirms the notion that some thought less of blacks by liking them to be cowards. Please note that…
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