commentary

First Depiction of Athena Could Be Taken as that of  an “African Black”

First Depiction of Athena Could Be Taken as that of an “African Black”

Source: Black Athena: The Linguistic evidence (Rutgers University Press) 1987 A.D. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 548 of the source. Note: Page 686 of the source. This source confirms that the epic variability that existed in the Greco-Roman world. Athena was the "goddess of war", so for her to be depicted as a black woman in the beginning shows just how much the Greeks admired and exoticized black people. However, both mythology and history attest to the fact that black women and/or women of African…
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In 1523 A.D. , it was Believed that Black and Red Jews in Africa were Poised To Reclaim Jerusalem

In 1523 A.D. , it was Believed that Black and Red Jews in Africa were Poised To Reclaim Jerusalem

Source: Hybrid Hate, Conflations of Antisemitism & Anti-Black Racism from the Renaissance to the Third Reich (Oxford University Press) 2020 A.D. From the source, " Blacks and Jews in the Western Imaginaire Attempts to account for human difference almost always positioned blacks and Jews outside the normative human frame, as we have seen in the case of Bruno, Vanini, La Peyrère, Kames, Voltaire, and many others, and this fact forms part of the etiology of the sickness of anti-black racism and Jew hatred. As far as blacks were concerned, color itself, the most obvious of human differences, played a major…
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Herodotus’ Extensive Commentary on Egypt, Ethiopia, and African-Grecian Relations

Herodotus’ Extensive Commentary on Egypt, Ethiopia, and African-Grecian Relations

Source: The Histories (Penguin Books) 2003 A.D. Note: Page 140 of the source. Note: Page 146 of the source. Note: Page 155 of the source. Note: Page 160 of the source. Note: Page 162 of the source. Note: Page 186 to 187 of the source. Note: Page 191 of the source. Note: Page 199 of the source. Note: Page 200 of the source. Note: Page 232 of the source. Note: Page 310 of the source. Note: Page 315 of the source. Note: Page 379 of the source. Note: Page 435 of the source. Note: Page 604 of the source. Note:…
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Your Ancestors May have Looked Different than You

Your Ancestors May have Looked Different than You

Source: Your Family May Once Have Been A Different Color (NPR) 2006 A.D. From the source, " To begin, please point your elbow to the ceiling. Then imagine yourself naked. Then look at the patch of skin on the inside of your upper arm, the part of you that almost never sees the sun. Whatever color you see there is what experts call your basic skin color, according to professor Nina Jablonski, head of the Penn State Department of Anthropology. And that color, the one you have now, says Jablonski, is very probably not the color your ancient ancestors had…
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Ishtar was Depicted with “Full lips”

Ishtar was Depicted with “Full lips”

Source: The American Journal of Archaeology and of the History of the Fine Arts, Volume 4 (Ginn) 1888 A.D. Note: Page 168 of the source. Note: Page 168 of the source. Note: Page 169 of the source. Note: Page 173 of the source. It is fair to say that "full lips" have often been equated to be "negroid" lips. This source could be used to confirm the black presence and influence amongst the ancient Hittites. This source's commentary is important because how peoples depicted their "gods" could be a reflection upon their own ethnic and social standards.
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The Chronicle of Kanem-Bornu

The Chronicle of Kanem-Bornu

Source: Hausa History in the Context of the Ancient Near Eascern World (Dierke Lange) 2021 A.D. Note: Page 243 of the source. Note: Page 243 of the source. Note: Page 244 of the source. Note: Page 244 of the source. Note: Page 245 of the source. Note: Page 246 of the source. Note: 248 of the source. This source provides commentary on the near eastern influences of the Lake Chad empires.
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Greeks and Romans Did Not Make a Clear Distinction Between Egyptians and Ethiopians

Greeks and Romans Did Not Make a Clear Distinction Between Egyptians and Ethiopians

Source: Black Athena Writes Back Martin Bernal Responds to His Critics (Duke University Press) 2001 A.D. Note: Page 66 of the source. Note: Page 66 of the source. I believe this source is crucial for understanding how the brilliant Professor Frank M. Snowden had a hard time considering ancient Egypt, at its core, to be a black civilization. Professor Frank M. Snowden at times contradicted himself because he did acknowledge the blackness of ancient Egyptians at times but other times he neglected to do do. This source provides commentary that Professor Frank M. Snowden was being way to limited, most…
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“Negritic” People of Susa

“Negritic” People of Susa

Source: History of the Ancient Peoples of the Classic East (Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge) 1896 A.D. Note: Page 32 of the source. Note: Page 32 of the source. Note: Page 32 of the source. This source provides commentary that confirms the "negritic"/"black" features regarding the peoples of ancient Susiana once more.
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Spinoza (Son of Portuguese Jewish Immigrants) had “skin somewhat black, black curly hair”

Spinoza (Son of Portuguese Jewish Immigrants) had “skin somewhat black, black curly hair”

Source: History in Black African-Americans in Search of an Ancient Past (Routledge) 2001 A.D. Note: Page 183 of the source. Note: Page 228 of the source. Professor Shavit's work notes that a medieval theory did exist regarding Jews being black. He also noted the account of Spinoza being described as having "skin somewhat black, black curly hair". I do not agree with all of the professor's commentary, so please utilize discernment on what you choose to accept and reject.
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